This study explored associations between diabetes distress and a number of clinical and demographic variables among adults in Norway with type 1 diabetes. The study found that higher distress was associated with female sex, younger age, non-European origin, primary education only, unemployment, smoking, continuous glucose monitoring use, more symptomatic hypoglycemia, reduced foot sensitivity, treated retinopathy, and higher HbA1c.
Hernar I, Cooper JG, Nilsen RM, Skinner TC, Strandberg RB, Iversen MM, Graue M, Ernes T, Løvaas KF, Madsen TV, Lie SS, Richards DA, Ueland GÅ, Haugstvedt A. (2024). Diabetes distress and associations with demographic and clinical variables: A nationwide population-based registry study of 10,186 adults with type 1 diabetes in Norway. Diabetes Care, 47 (1): 126–131. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc23-1001
The full paper is available at Diabetes Care (open access).